The first sexspecific insect p450 was found in the male reproductive system of blattella germanica 20, and subsequently malespecific p450s were found in d. Fine structure of the female reproductive system in a. Structure and functions of excretory system different types. The functional design of the insect excretory system 3 very considerably less than the analogous filtration sites in most other animals, both invertebrates and vertebrates, and to consider the implications of this for the operation of the insect s excretory system. The rest of the ganglionic chain lies below the alimentary canal against the ventral body. Here we characterized the reproductive system bacterial composition of gregarious and solitary females. The text first covers insect genitalia, and proceeds to discussing sex determination. Sex organ that produces sperm in a process called spermatogenesis, and male sex hormones testosterone. Fine structure of the male reproductive system and. A complex of networked tubes known as a tracheal system spiracles spiracles are the valve like opening where air enters the body spiracle internal anatomy.
For the simple insect nervous system, learning to ignore repetitive and meaningless stimuli is a fairly easy task. Insect physiology encyclopedia of life support systems. Insect reproductive physiology school of biological. Compared to us, the nervous system and circulatory system are reversed the hearts in the abdomen help pump the fluid forward into the aorta. The study focuses in particular on the choriothete, a peculiar uterine structure involved in the viviparous mode of reproduction of glossina morsitans morsitans. Knowledge of the bacterial composition of the locust reproductive tract is, however, practically absent. Theory lecture outlines lecture no topic pages 1 history of entomology in india arthropoda.
The title details basic phenomena governing reproductive processes in insects, with the whole spectrum of an insect reproductive cycle. Pdf reproductive and survival strategies utilized by. The main component of the male reproductive system is the testis, suspended in the body cavity by tracheae and the fat body. The ecdysis triggering hormone system, via ethethrb, is. Each ovary is composed of a number of tubes called the ovariole. The central nervous system consists of a series of ganglia that supply nerves to successive segments of the body. Reproductive system in insects sexual dimorphism is noticed in cockroach in male cockroach, at the posterior end of the abdomen there is a pair of short segmented anal cerci and unsegmented anal styli. The study focuses in particular on the choriothete, a peculiar uterine structure involved in the viviparous mode of reproduction of glossina morsitans morsitans under light microscopy, the choriothete appears formed by numerous tonguelike folds projecting towards. Lower the specific gravity of insect, thus aiding in flight 7. The females reproductive system contains a pair of ovaries. Structure and functions of excretory system different types and their functional mechanisms the removal of waste products of metabolism, especially nitrogenous compounds from the body of insects is known as excretion.
Snodgrass and should prove of value as bring ing to the bee keeper reliable information concerning an insect of such great economic importance, and also as furnishing a sound. The more primitive apterygote insects have a single testis, and in some lepidopterans the two maturing testes are secondarily fused into one structure during the later stages of larval development, although the ducts leading from them remain separate. Can be used to provide sectioning of the thorax from the abdomen 5. Both types of gametes are haploid and unicellular, but eggs are usually much larger in volume than sperm. These organs are similar in all male mammals, although some differences in form and function do exist.
The terminal endings of the vasa deferentia are inserted into the seminal vesicle by invaginations of the seminal vesicle wall. Insect reproductive behavior flashcards by proprofs. The epididymis is a long, coiled tube that rests on the backside of each testicle. The abdomen is simple in its anterior region getting quite complex in the last three segments where the sclerites of the external reproductive system are found. The oriental fruit fly, bactrocera dorsalis hendel diptera. Reproductive system in insects linkedin slideshare. In addition, in many insect orders, the reproductive system is reported to serve as a vector for transgeneration bacterial inoculation. Form tympanic cavities for hearing organs and sound producing organs 6. The word insect is derived from insecare which means to cut in to.
Most insects should exhibit behaviour involving approach, identification, and copulation. Sep 04, 2011 structures and functions for typical male and female insect reproductive systems. The alimentary canal is a oneway street food enters the mouth and gets processed as it travels toward the anus. In female cerci alone are present and styli are absent. Reproductive behaviour reproductive behaviour insects.
Introduction the reproductive organs of the insects are similar in structure and function to those vertebrates both types of gametes are haploid and unicellular,both eggs are larger in volume than sperm. Jan 17, 2019 the insect digestive system is a closed system, with one long enclosed tube alimentary canal running lengthwise through the body. The female reproductive systems are made up of a paired ovary, accessory glands, one or more spermathecae and ducts connecting these parts. Tephritidae is a quarantine polyphagous pest and one of the most destructive pest of fruit and vegetable industries, wide distribution and rapid invasiveness because the females show a very highly reproductive capacity clarke et al. The physiology of insect reproduction provides a comprehensive coverage of insect reproductive system.
The female section 3 reproductive system the female. Pdf reproductive and survival strategies utilized by insect. The coverage includes endocrinology in relation to moulting, reproduction and metabolism, pheromones, neurobiology. The functional design of the insect excretory system 3 very considerably less than the analogous filtration sites in most other animals, both invertebrates and vertebrates, and to consider the implications of this for the operation of the insects excretory system. It embodies the results of detailed studies made by mr. Structures and functions for typical male and female insect reproductive systems. Sexual mosaic abnormal individual with secondary sexual characters of both male and female. Each ovary is subdivided into functional units called ovarioles where the eggs are actually produced.
The bull can be used to illustrate the male mammalian reproductive system. In females, they are called eggs, or singular,ovum. At the most basic level, the life cycle of an insect is comprised of the egg, juvenile typically called larva or nymph, we will use the term larva throughout this module and adult stages. Chorion or the shell, and underlying the chorion is a membrane called the vitelline membrane. Parts of the reproductive system the male animal possesses special reproductive organs. As adults, therefore, they must proteinfeed and, if protein availability is limited, egg development may be delayed and reproductive output reduced. Each ovariole is distinguishable into an apical portion, the germarium and the vitellarium or follicle. The rest of the ganglionic chain lies below the alimentary canal against the ventral body surface. The ovaries are made up of a number of egg tubes, called ovarioles, which vary in size and number by species. Reproductive system in insects arun kumar k m i ph. Reproductive interference in insects article pdf available in ecological entomology 42s1. Each testis is enclosed by a layer of fibrous connective tissue called tunica alumina. The body is comprised of 3 distinct body regions head, thorax, and abdomen the thorax of adults bears 3 pairs of legs and 2 pairs of wings the breathing system is comprised of air.
Lead the activity labeling parts of the reproductive system. Although there will be variation among the different insect orders, there are a few features that all insect eggs have. The reproductive system is divided in to two parts namely internal genitalia and external genitalia. The three main ganglia in the head protocerebrum, deutocerebrum, and tritocerebrum commonly are fused to form the brain, or supraesophageal ganglion. When the insect is actively reproducing, these organs swell with developing eggs and may nearly fill the abdomen. Readcirculatory system readrespiratory system readrespiration in aquatic insects readdigestive and excretory systems readinsect nutrition readreproductive system submit homework internal crosssections. Color diagrams of insect organs and internal structures. In the fluid filtered by pressure through the glomeruli of vertebrates, even sub. Insect reproduction function of male reproductive system make spermatozoa storage send them off with proteins with many functions deliver the whole package to the females testes seminal vesicles accessory glands external genitalia general plan of male reproductive system testis follicles 1100 testes can be separate of. This is accompanied by some sort of intromittent organ, often called a penis or aedeagus i prefer to use distinctive names to avoid the impression that the insect penis resembles a mammalian penis.
Blow air on a cockroachs rear end, and it will flee. The internal organs of the male reproductive system, also called accessory organs, include the following. The number of eggs that the insect is able to make vary by the number of ovarioles. This is a historic area of research that continues today. Yet, whereas male fruit flies drosophila often have elaborate displays preceding copulation, male houseflies and blowflies musca simply fly at any object of. Most insect species reproduce sexually by internal fertilization. Each of the three sections of the alimentary canal performs a different process of digestion. The insect digestive system is a closed system, with one long enclosed tube alimentary canal running lengthwise through the body.
The functions of the female reproductive system are to produce sex hormones, to produce eggs, and to provide a nourishing environment in which a. We characterized the reproductive system of perennial vetch as facultative xenogamy i. This bloodsucking insect is a fascinating model for studies on reproductive behavior as its males form leks on or near hosts, releasing sexaggregation pheromones, and producing acoustic signals during copulation, that. One puzzling aspect about the courtship behaviour of insects is its sporadic nature. Conclusion glossary bibliography biographical sketch summary insect physiology is the study of how insects live and reproduce. Both male and female insects have extensive cuticular modifications for reproduction. The study of insect physiology is usually divided into a systems approach. But sometimes reproduction also occurs by parthenogenesis and hermaphroditism. The body is comprised of 3 distinct body regions head, thorax, and abdomen the thorax of adults bears 3 pairs of legs and 2 pairs of wings the breathing system is comprised of air tubes a look at the outside of an insect. Reproductive system in insects male and female sexes are mostly separate.
Yolkin insects, the amount of yolk can vary a great deal, but generally, there is a lot of yolk in comparison to the egg nucleus. Dorsal heart and open circulatory system ventral nerve cord general characteristics of insects. The study of insect physiology is usually divided into a. Developed in a male fetus near the kidneys, and descend to the scrotum about 2 months before birth. It follows an ejaculatory duct with an ejaculatory pump a large bulb enveloped by muscles and associated to tracheas. The female section 3 reproductive system structure and function you learned that the reproductive cells in males are called sperm.
If you continue to blow air on the cockroach over and over, it will eventually conclude that the sudden breeze is. In most insects the male transfers sperm directly into the females reproductive system. Reproductive and survival strategies utilized by insect. Jul, 2014 reproductive system of eartworms and insects 1. The excretion process helps the insect to maintain salt water balance and thereby physiological homeostasis. The female reproductive system of the tsetse fly glossina morsitans morsitans is analysed by scanning electron microscopy sem. In tobacco cutworm moths the male right is smaller than the female left, but similarly colored.
The reproductive system of female insects consist of a pair of ovaries, accessory glands, one or more spermathecae, and ducts connecting these parts. Dynamics of bacterial composition in the locust reproductive. Male reproductive system it is located in the posterior part of the abdomen. All aspects of insect physiology are published in this journal which will also accept papers on the physiology of other arthropods, if the referees consider the work to be of general interest. Sexual dimorphism is common where the male differ from the female morphologically. This lesson was most recently edited on march 23, 2011. The reproductive organs of insects are similar in structure and function to those of vertebrates.